Great question. Michael Heiser covers this in a couple of his blog posts on his Naked Bible blog. The first one has the exact same name as this thread, funny enough:
michaelsheiser.com/TheNakedB … s-god-lie/
There’s a follow up post to that too.
Basically his point is that God does not lie, but does USE deception, and I agree with him. I’d put it this way: he makes it so that the truth could be known if one looked into the matter far enough, but is hidden relatively well from those not seeking the truth, or those who would only do harm with the truth.
For instance, God did not request (through Moses) that the Israelites be set free. He simply requested that they be able to worship in the desert for three days. Of course, the part God conveniently left out is that they wouldn’t be coming back after that (whoops!) Should God have included that fact to avoid our modern interpretation of lying?
Well, a similar question could be asked: should Christians, when protecting Jews from the Nazis, have answered that they were indeed hiding them in order to avoid becoming ‘liars’? That would be a travesty of true justice, wouldn’t it? As if they were more interested in some self-righteous notion of their own holiness above the tender hearts and lives of those under their care.
In the same way, God employs trickery throughout the bible. The whole life of Jacob from birth to death employs trickery and deceit, some approved by God, some not, but all used by Him for the maximal good.
In fact, Paul talks about the secret mystery of God hidden throughout the ages. Now there’s a HUGE amount of information left out of the picture, but arguably for good reason, for it seemed to have taken Satan for a spin. So the entire redemptive theme is one big practice in ‘deception,’ so to speak. One could suggest that this is why UR has been hidden from the church for so long, too.
As for Micaiah, I can’t remember where Heiser talks about this, but he makes a great point on this passage which has always puzzled me. God was probably not requesting a deceptive spirit. He was simply forseeing that these people were going to be deceived and believe what they wanted to, but he determined how exactly that would come about.